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KMID : 0353019670040010033
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Korean Journal of Public Health
1967 Volume.4 No. 1 p.33 ~ p.54
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A Study on the Contraception in Urban Population
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Kang Kil-Won
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Abstract
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This survey conducted by the Authors on 1,118 eligible women in 115 selected Bans among 4,075 Bans or 30 Dongs in the action target area by Urban Population Studies Center, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, in the 5 Gu´s (district) of Seoul City-Sudaimoon Gu, Yongsan Gu, Chongro Gu, Dongdaimoon Gu and Sungbuk Gu-from October to November 1966 led to the following major findings.:
1. General characteristics of the subjects;
By age, those belonging to the 25∼39 group rated 78.8 per cent, and by duration of marital lives, those belonging to the 5∼20 group rated 64.1 per cent of the total or highest respectively.
Among the total 1,118 women, 1,054(94.3%) had ever experienced pregnancies and as many as 1,019 women(91.1%) had one or more children. The average numbers of sons, daughters and children were 1.41, 1.39 and 2.80 respectively.
The rate of engagement was 64.9 per cent, and by duration of engagement, those belonging to below one year group rated 61.4 per cent of the total or highest.
2. Family planning practice rate;
By family planning practice rate, those belonging to the group of "currently practicing and ever practiced in past" rated 7.3 per cent, the group of "currently not practicing and ever practiced in past" 9.9 percent, the group of "currently practicing and never practiced in past" 12.3 per cent and "the never practiced group" 70.5 per cent. In other words, the currently practicing rate was 19.6 per cent, the practice rate of the women who had practiced a method of family planning in past only was 9.9 per cent and the practice rate of the women who were currently practicing or had practiced in past only was 29.5 per cent.
By Gu, the currently practicing rate was somewhat higher in Sudaimoon Gu and lower in Yongsan Gu. But the combined practice rate in present and past was higher in Sungbuk Gu and lower in Dongdaimoon Gu. In General, the family planning practice rate was the highest in 30´s ages, in the group of 4 or more by pregnancy, in the 2-3 group by number of living sons and in the 5∼20 group by duration of marital lives.
3. The rate of engagement and communication rate about family planning;
The rate of engagement was 64.9 per cent and by age, it was the highest or 74.5 per cent in the group of ages of 20´s, and it was in inverse proportion to age increase.
Rate of communication about family planning before engagement or marriage was in inverse proportion to age increase.
The communication rate before engagement was 10.0 per cent and before marriage was 13.1 per cent respectively.
4. The results by duration of marital lives;
The ratio of total pregnancies to total living children was 1.43:1 and that of total sons to total daughters 1:0.99.
Average number of pregnancies, living children and living sons was 4.0, 2.80 and 1.41 respectively. By duration of marital lives, those belonging to the group of 5 year or less, average number of pregnancies, living children and living sons was 1.34, 0.99 and 0.47 respectively, in the 5∼10 group 3.06, 2.36 and 1.20, in the 10∼15 group 4.86, 3.19 and 1.57, in the 15∼20 group 5.48, 3.91 and 1.98, and in the 20∼25 group 6.42, 4.50 and 2.37.
5. Reasons of not practicing family planning currently; The rate of not practicing family planning currently was 80.4 per cent, and among their reasons the appropriate reasons including "want more children" was 59.5 per cent, the inappropriate reasons such as "think she is unable to be pregnant without medical prove" 21.3 per cent and the women who wanted to adopt contraception as soon as possible was 10.2 per cent.
As age of respondents, number of living children or number of living sons increased, the appropriate reasons decreased and the inappropriate reasons and the women who wanted to adopt contraception as soon as possible increased.
6. Time when adopted contraception for the first time and place where got contraceptives for the first time and recently;
Among the women who had experienced family planning practice before, as many as 80.3 per cent adopted contraception for the first time in 1962 and thereafter. The first contraceptive methods adopted and their frequency were as follows; loop 24.0 per cent, condom 24.0 per cent, from tablet 11.8 per cent, oral pill 11.8 per cent, external ejaculation or rhythm method 4.9 per cent, and vasectomy or tubal ligation 4.4 per cent.
The sources of contraceptive supplies for the first time were as follows; drug store 42.1 per cent, health center or family planning station 31.9 per cent and hospital 10.8 per cent.
The currently using contraceptives and their frequency were as fallows; loop 29.4 per cent, condom 21.9 per cent, oral pill 20.7 per cent, rhythm method 9.9 per cent and vasectomy 8.7 per cent.
The sources of contraceptive supplies were as follows; drug store 39.7 per cent, health center or family planning station 34.7 per cent and hospital 12.4 per cent.
7. Utility rate of health center or family planning consultation station at present and past or in future; The women who have even known of the activities of health center or family planning station to supply the various contraceptive devices and drugs without charge were 86.8 per cent.
The women who utilize health center or family planning station now are 8.1 per cent and the women who wanted to use health center or family planning station as soon as possible were 51.3 per cent. On the other hand, the women who did not use health center or family planning station now but used a successful contrceptive by herself were 7.5 per cent.
By station, in Chongro Gu, the number of women who wanted to use health center or family planning station as soon as possible were low but self-using rate was about twice compared with other stations.
8. Characteristics of the women who currently utilize or want to use as soon as possible health center or family planning station;
They are mostly in the 20∼34 age group, in the 1∼4 group by number of living children and in the 1∼2 group by number of living sons.
9. Characteristics of the women who do not want to use health center or family planning station;
among the women who aged 20 or less or had no or one son, the major reasons not wanting to use health center or family planning station was "want more children", but among the women who aged 30 or more or had 2 or more sons, it was "think she is unable to be pregnant without medical prove" or "currently practicing of family planning by herself".
10. Premarital pregnancy;
The rate of premarital pregnancy was 18.2 per cent. It was higher in the women who were in ages of 20´s or had experienced engagement compared with non-engagement group or had longer duration of engagement.
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